The electric power distribution system must be able to supply all the electric power demand for the different load levels and improving system redundancy is an important enhancement to improve reliability.
Electrical power supply and distribution infrastructure design is conceived to minimize impact due to contingencies and to comply with service standards (quality and continuity) and to renew supply and distribution system elements that take into account the risk of impact on service continuity. In this way, distribution network design criteria exist that consider the quality of the supply and distribution of electrical energy, as the planning and operation in infrastructure adopt criteria to prevent risk of service interruption and unintended variations in quality (voltage, frequency, capacity and others).In planning, the utilities must use the criterion called N-1, that is, the electricity supply must be maintained even if 1 equipment fails in the system, for some customers with high criticality, it is possible to use N-2 criteria . In the operation, with communication and metering technologies, reconfiguration and an islanding scheme of DG are possible methods that can help implement differentiated reliability.
For new assets, protocols exist to assure the quality of electrical energy when integrating new infrastructure and the use the possibilities offered by smart meters, without excessive price increase for customers; as the capabilities of smart meters to the extent and benefits possible but also to ensure that voltage quality monitoring through smart meters does not result in an excessive increase in the price of the meters or tariffs for the network users. And for these new works and planned interruptions, it is important that customers are notified in advance, so the impact of power outages is minimized.
The electric power distribution system must be able to supply all the electric power demand for the different load levels and improving system redundancy is an important enhancement to improve reliability.